La incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la enseñanza universitaria es una realidad cada vez más extendida. Siguiendo esta tendencia, la Universidad de Almería, a través de la plataforma de comundiad virtual Inlumine (http://inlumine.es/) todos los alumnos de esta universidad pueden compartir sus experiencias académicas desde un perfil individual que le permite la creación de blogs, visitar las noticias de otros usuarios (profesores en muchos casos) y comentar las noticias económicas de actualidad, por ejemplo. Inlumine no es un repositorio de datos como otras plataformas virtuales, sino una comunidad en la que el alumno es el protagonista y en la que interactúa con el resto de alumnos de cualquier otra titulación de esta Universidad (petición de apuntes, organización de eventos, solicitud de intercambios lingüisticos, etc).

Decreased ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) associated with deterioration in physical capacity are key determinants of the poor quality of life and loss of independence of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 12-week training program (including resistance, flexibility, joint mobility and balance/coordination exercises) for Spanish patients with AD on their i) overall functional capacity (muscle strength and flexibility, agility and balance while moving, and endurance fitness), and ii) ability to perform ADLs. Using a randomized block design, 16 patients were assigned to a training (mean [SD] age: 76 [4] yrs) or control group (73 [4] yrs) (n = 8 subjects [3 male, 5 female] per group). The results showed significant improvements after training (p 0.05) were found in the control group over the 12-week period. Exercise training could be included in the overall medical/nursing care protocol for patients with AD.

El estudio del Rol del espectador en los procesos de creación y recepción audiovisual, se manifiesta en la actualidad como una interesante línea de investigación, dadas las transformaciones que las nuevas tecnologías están realizando en este sentido. En estas líneas se propone un análisis breve de la posición del espectador en el cine y en el vídeo de creación. Los sistemas proyectivos de creación artística han procurado desde siempre un “lugar” para su espectador. En el cine además, la propia estructura de exhibición propone al espectador como elemento indispensable del acto cinematográfico, desarrollando un modelo hegemónico en el que ocupa una posición central y esencial. Y es que, como afirmara Barthes [2], el cine funciona idealmente para el espectador, está concebido para dirigirse al espíritu humano no existiendo, psicológicamente, ni en la película ni en la pantalla, sino tan sólo en el espíritu que le da su realidad. Se articula así, todo un dispositivo de creación y reproducción cinematográfico diseñado para este “enfant terrible” sin el que todo proceso creativo queda arruinado. El vídeo, en su vertiente artística, retomará este ideal, planteando al tiempo propuestas insólitas de interacción.

Prolonged strenuous endurance exercise (SEE) such as marathon running has recently been associated with potential deleterious cardiac effects, particularly increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). This topic is medically important due to the increasing number of participants in SEE events lasting several hours, including older people. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a summary of the evidence available on SEE and related issues such as cardiovascular mortality, AF, potential cardiac remodeling, cardiovascular events during exertion, or the need for pre-participation screening (with a special focus on beginners). This type of information can help physicians giving advice to their patients and the general public regarding safe SEE practice.

Nucleoside 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase (NDT) from the psychrophilic bacterium Bacillus psychrosaccharolyticus CECT 4074 has been cloned and produced for the first time. A preliminary characterization of the recombinant protein indicates that the enzyme is an NDT type II since it catalyzes the transfer of 2'-deoxyribose between purines and pyrimidines. The enzyme (BpNDT) displays a high activity and stability in a broad range of pH and temperature. In addition, different approaches for the immobilization of BpNDT onto several supports have been studied in order to prepare a suitable biocatalyst for the one-step industrial enzymatic synthesis of different therapeutic nucleosides. Best results were obtained by adsorbing the enzyme on PEI-functionalized agarose and subsequent cross-linking with aldehyde-dextran (20 kDa and 70% oxidation degree). The immobilized enzyme could be recycled for at least 30 consecutive cycles in the synthesis of 2'-deoxyadenosine from 2'-deoxyuridine and adenine at 37 °C and pH 8.0, with a 25% loss of activity. High conversion yield of trifluridine (64.4%) was achieved in 2 h when 20 mM of 2'-deoxyuridine and 10 mM 5-trifluorothymine were employed in the transglycosylation reaction catalyzed by immobilized BpNDT at 37 °C and pH 7.5.

Letters to the Editor: Human limits in the marathon: what can we really know?

El artículo propone liberar a la arquitectura de la Techné y de Hermeneia y permitir que sea sólo una fuente de estímulos para la percepción. Es, en definitiva, una reivindicación de la arquitectura como acontecimiento y del cuerpo como territorio en el que la arquitectura sucede.; L’articolo si propone di liberare l’architettura dalla Techné e dalla Hermeneia e permettere a quest’ultima di essere solo fonte di stimoli per la percezione. E’, in definitiva, la rivendicazione dell'architettura come evento e del corpo come il territorio in cui l’architettura accade.; L’articolo si propone di liberare l’architettura dalla Techné e dalla Hermeneia e permettere a quest’ultima di essere solo fonte di stimoli per la percezione. E’, in definitiva, la rivendicazione dell'architettura come evento e del corpo come il territorio in cui l’architettura accade.

El concepto de equivalencia ha sido uno de los temas centrales en los estudios sobre la traducción. Desde la orientación sociolingüística, que recientemente ha adquirido esta disciplina, la equivalencia se entiende como una relación dinámica que se materializa de manera diferente en cada proceso traductor. En muchos casos, las divergencias entre los contextos socioculturales en los que se ubiquen el texto de partida y el texto de llegada obligan al traductor a situar su texto en un tercer espacio cultural. Éste es el caso de las traducciones jurídicas, en las que las diferencias entre los sistemas jurídicos plantean problemas de inequivalencia entre los conceptos y los términos utilizados en ambas culturas. En la presente investigación se muestra el caso concreto de los problemas de equivalencia relativos a la denominación de las partes en inglés y en catalán. Al final se presenta una propuesta con el fin de dar solución a una cuestión que en traducción no puede quedar sin resolver.; The concept of equivalence has been one of the key issues in translation studies. From the sociolinguistic orientation that this discipline has recently taken on, equivalence is understood as a dynamic relationship that materializes in a different manner in each translation process. In many cases...

This chapter reports part of the work carried out in the context of EDI-TA (Rico and Díez Orzas 2013a, 2013b), a research project focusing on the study of the different aspects of machine translation (MT) post-editing (PE) as an essential element in the translation workflow. More specifically, it focuses on the methodology used in the project for defining language dependent post-editing guidelines for the English-Spanish (EN-ES) pair. After a detailed introduction to the project’s objectives and main outcomes, the chapter goes on to describe the formal framework employed for designing PE guidelines. This is followed by a comprehensive account of how language dependent guidelines are defined and implemented, resulting in a whole set for the EN-ES combination, illustrated with actual examples. The chapter closes with a discussion of the value of this contribution to the field of MT post-editing as, so far, the specific definition of PE guidelines for the language pair concerned has been overlooked in the relevant literature, with a few exceptions (Guzmán 2007, 2008; Guerberof 2012).

“Let’s make people management visible” is an innovation project that was run in all 2nd year groups for the Managing People courses, within the Social Science Faculty. The project involved all the teachers who taught this course, and was organized around cooperative learning. The objective of this project was the students to understand and learn, in a playful way, the basics of People Management. To this end, students organized in teams, created a video documentary and a business case that should reflect one of the following areas of knowledge contained in the syllabus: job design, recruitment and selection, training, performance appraisal and motivation. To prepare the content for the video, students used bibliographic and audiovisual resources and they worked with the role- playing technique. After the videos were finished, students shared their acquired knowledge by putting in common their work and by solving the business cases developed by the other groups. The competencies developed were: teamwork, empathy, tolerance, decision making, responsibility and creativity. Thirty videos were submitted to the contest and published in the V Seminar on Human Resources, "Talentum."

Exercise phenotypes have played a key role for ensuring survival over human evolution. We speculated that some genetic variants that influence exercise phenotypes could be associated with exceptional survival (i.e. reaching ≥100 years of age). Owing to its effects on muscle structure/function, a potential candidate is the Arg(R)577Ter(X) polymorphism (rs1815739) in ACTN3, the structural gene encoding the skeletal muscle protein α-actinin-3. We compared the ACTN3 R577X genotype/allele frequencies between the following groups of ethnically-matched (Spanish) individuals: centenarians (cases, n = 64; 57 female; age range: 100-108 years), young healthy controls (n = 283, 67 females, 216 males; 21±2 years), and humans who are at the two end-points of exercise capacity phenotypes, i.e. muscle endurance (50 male professional road cyclists) and muscle power (63 male jumpers/sprinters). Although there were no differences in genotype/allele frequencies between centenarians (RR:28.8%; RX:47.5%; XX:23.7%), and controls (RR:31.8%; RX:49.8%; XX:18.4%) or endurance athletes (RR:28.0%; RX:46%; XX:26.0%), we observed a significantly higher frequency of the X allele (P = 0.019) and XX genotype (P = 0.011) in centenarians compared with power athletes (RR:47.6%; RX:36.5%;XX:15.9%). Notably...